What is Personalized Medicine?

Dr. Elizabeth Bowhay-Carnes defines the often-misunderstood term “personalized medicine” as it relates to your genetic testing results and treatment decisions.

Dr. Elizabeth Bowhay–Carnes is Director of the Adult Non-Malignant Hematology Program and Co-Director of the Adolescent/Young Adult Oncology Program at Mays Cancer Center, home to UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center.

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Transcript:

Dr. Elizabeth Bowhay-Carnes:

When doctors or people within the medical community use a term called personalized medicine, specifically we’re talking about some advanced testing that can be done on a patient’s DNA. Usually, this is talking about a specialized test that is called next-generation sequencing, and that particular test, next generation sequencing, is a technology that allows us to look deeper into a particular patient’s DNA or problems within the DNA of the cancer cell.

We then try to pick treatment options that match that patient’s particular problems with the DNA of their cancer cell. So, you will sometimes hear this particular technology referred to as personalized medicine, and usually we’re talking about next generation sequencing.

Preparing for Your Office Visit

Preparing for Your Office Visit from Patient Empowerment Network on Vimeo.

Dr. Elizabeth Bowhay-Carnes shares specific tips and advice so that you can be prepared for your doctor’s appointments, including bringing along a support person.

Dr. Elizabeth Bowhay–Carnes is Director of the Adult Non-Malignant Hematology Program and Co-Director of the Adolescent/Young Adult Oncology Program at Mays Cancer Center, home to UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center.  More about this expert.

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Transcript:

Dr. Bowhay-Carnes:   

When a patient comes to their office visit or hospital visit with their treating team, one recommendation I have is that patient has a support person with them. Four ears are better than two, and we all hear a little bit different parts of the conversation. So, having a support person with you to as many visits as possible is important. As a patient, if you’re undergoing treatment, you may be either overwhelmed or not feeling particularly good that day, and so having an advocate is something that we always encourage people to have, if possible.

Secondly, we recommend that, as a patient, you sit down before your office visit and make a list of questions or concerns or just general thoughts that you have.

We do not want people to feel rushed during their office visit, but sometimes we get talking about one particular topic of conversation, and that may not be what is particularly important to the patient that day.

So, coming prepared to your office visit with a list of questions, concerns, or general thoughts really goes a long way in making sure that your voice is heard and that this is your time during your office visit.

The Benefits of Seeking a Second Opinion in Myeloma

The Benefits of Seeking a Second Opinion in Myeloma from Patient Empowerment Network on Vimeo.

Dr. Cristina Gasparetto provides advice for patients seeking a second opinion following a myeloma diagnosis. Dr. Gasparetto outlines the benefits of a second opinion and shares how she collaborates with a patient’s local doctor from afar.

Dr. Cristina Gasparetto is Professor of Medicine at Duke University Medical Center and Director of the Multiple Myeloma Program at Duke Cancer Institute. 

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Transcript:

If patients are concerned about hurting a doctor’s feelings, I guess, with a second opinion, I think that they have to understand this is their life, and we physicians, we understand the complexity of the disease, and that it’s necessary to seek a second opinion.

And we can guide their treatment, sometimes in a different way. And I don’t think patients need to receive direct treatment in the major hospital, where they have their expert. I think it is a team effort, and I do have that collaboration with my fellow physicians over time, so I don’t directly treat the patients, here at Duke, and this is sadly. But I maintain a communications with their physician, so we can work together, and I can provide guidance, recommendations. So it’s very important, and I think a lot of the community physicians feel comfortable having that type of collaboration on this, so it’s a team effort.

And don’t be afraid to relay the expectations to the physicians. We need to know. We need to know how important a certain aspects of their life, quality of life. There are patients who want to continue to work, and bringing them twice a week in our clinic is not really helpful. Put them through a very aggressive chemotherapy regime may not be ideal for certain patients that want to stay home or be treated by their local physicians.

That’s another thing, my collaboration with the community physician is very important, because, if a patient lives 3 hours from me, I don’t expect the patient to come to my clinic every week to receive the same treatment that can be delivered locally, five minutes from their house. And that’s the reason why it’s important to maintain collaboration, a team effort between the expert and the community physician, so the treatment can be delivered when it’s more convenient.

I never exclude the physician, the referral physician, the referring physician. So, because ultimately, we want the best for the patient, and at the end of the day, they are actually, the physician start to feel more comfortable, like I do have a lot of referring physicians calling me continuously, updating me on a patient’s status, so we can work together. We can change treatment, adjusting the dosage, and so, it’s truly a collaboration.

Discussing Treatment with Your Doctor: Key Questions to Ask

Discussing Treatment with Your Doctor: Key Questions to Ask from Patient Empowerment Network on Vimeo.

Dr. Elizabeth Bowhay-Carnes discusses essential questions to ask your physician when discussing treatment during an appointment, including the need to plan and educate yourself about your options.

Dr. Elizabeth Bowhay–Carnes is Director of the Adult Non-Malignant Hematology Program and Co-Director of the Adolescent/Young Adult Oncology Program at Mays Cancer Center, home to UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center. More about this expert.

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Transcript:

Dr. Bowhay-Carnes:  

As a cancer doctor working with patients and families day-to-day, I notice that both physicians and patients are scared to talk about worst-case-scenarios.

I’m guilty of this, and I know a lot of my colleagues, we go through our visit with patients, outlining treatment plans and with the assumption that everything is going to go perfectly as planned, and there’s not going to be any surprises. I think it’s very important that patients and family, friends, sit down with their treating physician and ask them directly, “What happens if things do not go as planned?” Other ways to word this would be, “What if this particular step in treatment does not work? What are some complications that are possibilities,” and if the treatment does not work or a patient has complications, everybody needs to ask, and at least be on the lookout for, “What are the next steps? What are different options?”

It’s always important to hope for the best, plan for the best, but it’s important for a patient and family to be educated about different possibilities and what if things do not go as planned.

Hesitant to Join a Support Group? Encouraging Advice from an Advocate

Hesitant to Join a Support Group? Encouraging Advice from an Advocate from Patient Empowerment Network on Vimeo.

Jack Aiello, diagnosed with multiple myeloma in 1995, provides his perspective on the benefits of joining a support group when faced with a serious diagnosis. He provides encouragement to those that may be hesitant to join and shares his own experience as a first-time support group attendee.

Jack Aiello is a multiple myeloma survivor and patient advocate. He is involved with a number of advocacy organizations around the country, including serving on the Board of Directors for the Patient Empowerment Network. More about Jack here.

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Transcript:

Jack:                           

So, I’m fortunate enough to have led our Bay Area Myeloma Support Group now for about 15 years. I originally went to the Myeloma Support Group when I was first diagnosed in 1995, and I can remember it being fairly overwhelming. People would ask me questions like, “What’s your IGG level?” or “What’s your M spike?” or – “Are you thinking about doing a transplant?” and you find out there is lots to learn with Multiple Myeloma – but it comes with time.

So, in terms of being a participant in a support group, I think the great advantage you have – two advantages really, one, you get to hear experiences of other patients, as caregivers get to hear experience of caregivers as well, an, two, if it’s a good myeloma support group, like ours, we will bring in expert speakers.

They could be doctors, they could be nurse practitioners, we’ll bring sometimes people in from pharma companies to talk about to certain subjects as it relates to myeloma. So, it’s a great learning vehicle, it’s a great sharing vehicle, and I heartily recommend support groups.

So, how do I encourage folks to join a support group? I will share my own experience there. When I was diagnosed in 1995 and I was in a hospital getting chemotherapy, my first chemotherapy at that time, I remember a social worker walking into my room and she said, “I think you really should go to the Leukemia Society Support Group that meets in the hospital tonight.”

And between you and me, I really didn’t want to go. I felt like this was gonna be some type of touchy feely type meeting and I didn’t want to be involved in that, so I told her, “I don’t have leukemia, I have myeloma, so off you go.” And she persisted, and said that the Leukemia Society [The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society] was really involved in supporting all blood cancers including myeloma. And I still fought a little bit, but ultimately, I dragged my IV pole to this meeting and listened to folks. And then, it came around to one individual, a guy named Jim, who was a myeloma patient; and it was the first time I got to see someone living and breathing with the same disease that I had, and that was really important to me.

Jim introduced me to a variety of resources, which was quite limited back in 1995, but it got me on the right track to understand more about this disease, meet more patients and ultimately doctors associated with myeloma. And I don’t think a patient can go wrong going to a myeloma group, whether you are newly diagnosed or whether you’ve been in remission for several years. Share that experience of your own with a newly diagnosed patient because remember what it was like when you were diagnosed, and how overwhelming it was to be told, one,  that you have a cancer, and  two of something called myeloma which you probably never heard of.

So, I encourage all patients to go to support group meetings, if they’re available, and you’d be surprised. There are 150 in the U.S., there are online support groups as well, there are support groups via Facebook and other Internet sites; so, I encourage you to participate as much as you can.

Should You Consider a Second Opinion? Advice from a Myeloma Advocate

Should You Consider a Second Opinion? Advice from a Myeloma Advocate from Patient Empowerment Network on Vimeo.

Jack Aiello, myeloma survivor and advocate, shares his knowledge on the importance and value of a second opinion when diagnosed with myeloma. Download the Find Your Voice Resource Guide here.

Jack Aiello is a multiple myeloma survivor and patient advocate. He is involved with a number of advocacy organizations around the country, including serving on the Board of Directors for the Patient Empowerment Network. More about Jack here

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Transcript:

So, I’m often asked by a patient whether or not they should get a second opinion – and I’m asked in several different ways: One, they love their doctor, they don’t want to change doctors; Two, they believe that their doctor is really knowledgeable in myeloma, and they may very well be. So, what I like to let the patient know is that second opinions can be extremely valuable for a couple of reasons: One by going to a doctor who really specializes in myeloma, you might hear that that doctor agrees exactly with how your own oncologist is treating you.

And, to me, that makes me feel good. Secondly, that second-opinion doctor becomes part of your medical team; they will work with your local oncologist and offer suggestions. And I think you have the best of both worlds. You can continue to go to your oncologist and get treated, but you have that myeloma expert on your side as well. And I know that sometimes patients are worried, “Well, will it offend my local oncologist who I really like and I don’t want to hurt their feelings?” Any doctor worth their salt will really encourage you to get second opinions. They want to deal with educated patients.

If, for some reason, your doctor decided, “No, you don’t need a second opinion, it’s not worth it,” I honestly would consider changing doctors. Because I think there is so much new happening with myeloma that it’s impossible that the general oncologist or even general hematologist to keep abreast of all of the new information out there for myeloma, and I think that that second opinion would be a – offer the patient a great advantage.