Ewing’s Sarcoma
Ewing’s Sarcoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that primarily affects children, teenagers, and young adults. It typically begins in the bones, but can also arise in the soft tissues surrounding the bones. The most common sites include the pelvis, femur (thigh bone), ribs, and humerus (upper arm bone).
This cancer originates from a specific genetic mutation—most often a translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22—that causes abnormal cell growth. Ewing’s sarcoma belongs to a group of cancers known as the Ewing family of tumors, which also includes peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNET).
Early symptoms are usually related to the tumor’s effect on nearby tissues and may include:
- Persistent pain or swelling at the tumor site
- Limited range of motion
- A palpable mass
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Unexplained weight loss.
Because these symptoms can mimic sports injuries or infections, diagnosis is often delayed.
Diagnosis and staging involve a combination of imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, CT scans, and PET scans, along with a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Genetic testing is often used to identify the characteristic EWSR1 gene fusion, which helps confirm the diagnosis. Bone marrow biopsy may be performed to check for spread of the disease.
Treatment for Ewing’s sarcoma usually involves a combination of chemotherapy, surgery, and/or radiation therapy. Chemotherapy is typically the first step to shrink the tumor and address any microscopic disease that may have spread. Surgery or radiation follows to remove or destroy the primary tumor. Continued chemotherapy may be used afterward to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Types of tumors in the Ewing family include:
- Classic Ewing’s Sarcoma of Bone: The most common form, originating in the long bones or pelvis.
- Extraosseous Ewing’s Sarcoma: Arises in soft tissues rather than bones.
- Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (pPNET): A closely related tumor with similar genetic features and treatment strategies.
Prognosis depends on several factors, including the size and location of the tumor, whether it has spread (metastasized), and how well it responds to treatment.
For more information about Ewing’s Sarcoma, please visit the organizations listed below.
SaveGeneral Cancer Programs
PEN created these programs to help explain parts of the cancer journey.
Debunks myths about clinical trials and provides patients with knowledge and confidence to feel well-informed when discussing treatment options with their healthcare team
Topics:
- The Basics: Understanding Clinical Trial Research
- Understanding Common Misconceptions
- Clinical Trial Safety
- Clinical Trials 101 Resource Guides
As artificial intelligence (AI) reshapes oncology, DECODE empowers cancer patients and families with clear, practical insights into AI and other emerging healthcare technologies, breaking down how these innovations are transforming cancer care and helping them navigate AI-driven advancements with confidence.
Components:
- Podcasts
- Downloadable Resource Guides
Provides digital literacy skills training with a series of easy-to-follow video modules, coupled with resource guides to educate you on technology and online support tools.
Helps women living with cancer understand the impact on their overall health, including fertility, hormones and sexual wellbeing while enabling informed conversations with their healthcare team about potential options and support.
Information on completing cancer care with actionable steps to engage in key discussions and plan for life after treatment.
Topics:
- Understanding Survivorship
- Advice for Future and Follow-Up Care
Having cancer or caring for someone with cancer can feel really lonely and extremely isolating. We created PEN-Powered Activity Guides to help you cope, relax, and, hopefully, feel a little less overwhelmed.
Focuses on wellness during cancer treatment and post cancer treatment.
Topics:
- Lifestyle
- Diet and Healthy Eating
- Supportive Care
Advocacy program focusing on culturally competent whole-person healthcare, treating the whole-patient in tandem with existing care.
What You Need to Know Before Choosing a Cancer Treatment
Advocacy program focusing on culturally competent whole-person healthcare, treating the whole-patient in tandem with existing care.
External Resources
Organizations for Pituitary Tumors
Cancer Information and Support
Looking for more information?
Sign up to receive the latest news, programs and events delivered to your inbox. Let us know what your interests are so we can provide only the most relevant information for you.